Symptoms and how to prevent measles

According to the Bureau of health (MOH) said: from the day 28/1 to present the typhus epidemic situation of measles facilities are has tended to increase, particularly in the mountainous area in the northern province as Son La, Yen Bai, Lao Cai ...

In yen Bai province from February 28, 2013 to 31/1/2014 573 recorded cases of measles, including private facilities on 30/1/2014 recorded 17 cases of suspected measles rash fever, bringing the total of typhus here over 90 cases.

In son La province, typhus in two communes Chiang Yin and jade war (Muong La district) accumulated 87 ca. results tested at the Central Institute of hygiene and epidemiology has 52/59 samples positive for measles virus.  Lao Cai province recorded 117 cases the incidence.

Also in Hanoi, said Nguyen Nhat, Director of the preventive medicine center of Hanoi, Hanoi now has 138 ca typhus suspected measles. Through 66 have test results of samples positive for measles virus. From December 2013 so far, Hanoi has recorded 40 cases of measles disease (of which 10 cases of 2013 and 30 cases of 2014), in which are concentrated in the districts like Hai BA Trung, Thanh Xuan, Hoang Mai, Dong da dist, Long bien, HA Dong and Paper Bridge. On average each have 1-2 on the most expensive case 6 case.

Roaring back strong measles.

The number of people infected with measles in Hanoi gathered in children under 5 years 80%, in which children under 9 years old accounted for 22.9% (these are not subject to the old vaccine measles rooms). 31 children greater than 9 months with measles have no children would be vaccinated enough 2 nose vaccine measles; 37.8% of children are vaccinated, the disease still nose 1 remains yet to be vaccinated.

Measles is a disease to spread quickly, the disease spread through droplets of respiratory secretions when patients cough, sneeze. Sexually transmitted diseases for the period is the period of acute upper respiratory and long periods of hives. 4 days after the rash, then the patient is no longer infectious ability.

Measles are common symptoms of high fever, cough, sneezing, hives head, neck, hands, legs and body. After getting measles, because of the resistance of the body should decline the patient susceptible to complications if not treated promptly. Complications can cause blindness, diarrhea, pneumonia, inflammation of the brain, leading to disabilities, deaths, especially with young children, the child malnutrition, HIV/AIDS or congenital immunodeficiency disease. For women with pregnancy, the incidence of measles can lead to miscarriage, premature.

Symptoms of measles

Can be divided into the following stages:

-Incubation period (from infected bacteria at Super to have disease symptoms) average is 10 days (may change from 7đến 18th): the child can mild fever.

-The period of onset (also known as inflammatory long period): this is the most contagious period lasts from 3 to 5 days with the expression as follows:

Measles is very easy to be confused with typhus

+ Fever: mild fever or high fever 39.5 o C to 40 o C, can have high fever with convulsions, fatigue, headaches, muscle pain joint pain.

+ "The inflammation long" (flu like symptoms): usually occurs in the eyes and nose, causing watery eyes, pour nghèn many, red eye conjunctiva, patients are afraid of light, the cornea and the eye lashes may be swelling, sneezing, runny nose, cough, hoarseness talks. Can cause laryngitis shrinkage, if symptoms of inflammation in the digestive tract long will cause diarrhea.

+ Visit the throat in this stage can see the small white dots on the background khoảng1mm mucosa inflammatory red cheeks, located immediately to the first molars, which is marked "Koplik" very valuable to help diagnose when the rash. Existence of signs about 12 to 18 hours.

-Full time (also known as the period of the rash): Ban first appeared in the back of the ears, then gradually spread up the sides of the cheeks, the neck, the chest, the abdomen and the limbs on within 24 hours. 24 next, ledges in Poland down the back, abdomen, arm and finally 2 feet in from the second to third day day of the disease. Pale pink, measles-Indian Board to take, usually glued back. In mild cases, ban grows sparse. For severe cases, ban grows dense both palms, feet, sometimes with the included body hemorrhage bleeding nose, mouth, digestive hemorrhage.

-Recovery time: Ban measles bay sequence appears to leave the affected skin area the black bruises on skin surface expanding holes like Tiger skin should be called "Zebra stains the skin the Tiger".

How to care for children with measles

-Children who appear to the pathological expression should be quarantined for at least 4 days after the rash. When the child has not appeared the complications mentioned above, you should not use antibiotics. The treatment mainly fix symptoms like fever medicine, body hygiene, dental, eye (eye drops regularly with saline).

-Children should be eating food full of easy goals, nutrition-rich, drinking enough water. For little snacks, enough of the substance; drink plenty of water (oresol, fresh fruit juice) when children high fevers, diarrhea. With breast-fed, continued to suckle his mother. The young are fed supplements, in addition to breast milk need to favor older rations enough nutrients the food rich protide and carotene. In addition, children can use cough reliever.

-When there are complications, antibiotics can be used according to the instructions of a physician and taking supplements of vitamin A to prevent corneal dryness. Avoid use of corticosteroids.

-Children must be in a cool place, full dining, restroom cleanliness, should not mix, will easily cause the shortages in the child. Daily skin hygiene, teeth-mouth, to avoid eye infections, skin sores: face washing, wipe, wipe the eye with warm water; regularly wipe the mouth with a soft, clean towel (water has boiled to cool). With older children, to gargle salt water (to dilute highly saline as the tears). Small eyes, small nose, antibiotics.

Note on the constant body temperature monitoring of the child, especially when measles complications could occur. When measles which older still fever need to think of complications and take children to the hospital immediately.

-The affected child or suspect measles disease must be quarantined, school vacation and not to the gathering place to avoid spreading in the community.

How to prevent measles

-Personal hygiene mask when in contact with the sick people and the ill facilities. Wash hands with SOAP after contact with sick people and people suspected of being sick. Cover the mouth when coughing, sneezing.

-Must have the proper nutrition as drink more fruit juices, liquid food, nutrition, abstinence should not be excessive. Quarantine the sick to avoid spreading to the community: school children, adults are off work 5 days since the start of the rash.

-Environmental hygiene, disinfect the floor, children's toys, tools, widgets of sick people by cloramin B.

-Vaccine shots: those who have not been immunized from measles vaccine the baby should take the shots, those were injected measles vaccine from two full baby should not go further injection

When you see the situation in human patients had the symptoms of measles need to right the medical establishment to do tests.=